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As of November 2010, there were 59 locally listed buildings in Crawley, a town and borough in the county of West Sussex in southeast England. One of these has subsequently been demolished. A locally listed building is defined as "a building, structure or feature that, whilst not statutorily listed by the Secretary of State, the Council considers to be an important part of Crawley's heritage due to its architectural, historic or archaeological significance". Crawley Borough Council administers the selection and deselection process, defines the criteria for inclusion, and produces and updates the local list. Crawley is a postwar New Town with a population was 106,597 at the time of the United Kingdom Census 2011, but many older buildings remain. The area covered by the present borough consisted of the small market town of Crawley itself, several villages such as Ifield and Worth, country estates with large houses, extensive grounds and lodges, and some Victorian and Edwardian suburban development. Buildings of various types from these eras are represented on the local list, as are New Town-era features—from churches to shopping parades. Some buildings lie within conservation areas, of which Crawley has eleven. Others have been suggested as candidates for statutory listing, which would recognise them as buildings of national importance. Previous versions of the local list have included buildings which have been removed because they were upgraded to nationally listed status, others whose quality had been degraded so that they no longer met the council's criteria, and others lost to demolition and redevelopment. ==Criteria== Crawley Borough Council uses five criteria in choosing which buildings and structures should be designated. Historic interest refers to how well the building exemplifies the era in which it was built, particularly if it represents "an important phase in Crawley’s history".〔 Architectural interest is judged on factors such as the notability (locally or more generally) of people and companies involved in the design and construction, and the style of the building—especially if it uses locally produced materials or is "a good example of the local vernacular". Group or townscape value applies to buildings with significance in the street scene or aesthetically pleasing settings, and to those considered local landmarks〔 (such as St Alban's Church at Gossops Green, which stands in the centre of the neighbourhood overlooking green space and which has a prominent campanile). Intactness has two elements as a criterion. Locally listed buildings should retain "a high proportion of () historic features", ideally with little or no alterations. However, buildings which would usually be of high enough quality to be included on the national list had they not been altered can be also added to the local list.〔 Communal value ("the extent to which a building or structure is valued by the local community") applies to buildings such as public and civic buildings, places of worship and structures with symbolic significance.〔 All buildings on the list as of November 2010 were described by the council as "strongly fulfil()"〔 the historic interest criterion; and all except 31–33 High Street〔 also meet the architectural interest criterion. The other three criteria are met to varying degrees, either "strongly" or "slightly".〔 A study was undertaken in April 2010 to update Crawley's local list; the November 2010 update was issued as a result of this. Of the 59 buildings on the list, 13 were added at that time: 49 Brighton Road, Crawley United Reformed Church, Deerswood Court, the former Embassy cinema (latterly Bar Med), 11 Horsham Road, Oak House, the Old Post Office and Malvern Cottage, Poplars, 1 Pullcotts Farm Cottages, St Alban's Church, St Edward the Confessor's Church, St Mary's Church and The Oaks Primary School. A recommendation was also made to add Toovies Farmhouse on Balcombe Road in Tinsley Green to the local list,〔 but it already appears on the national statutory list as a Grade II listed building. At the same time, 11 buildings were removed from the local list. The Beehive at Gatwick Airport and the former stable block at Milton Mount Gardens had been upgraded to nationally listed buildings, and 52 High Street had been incorporated into the national listing for the George Hotel. A gun tower at Forge Farm and the former Baptist chapel at Robinson Road had been demolished.〔 Elsewhere, Westview Cottages and Holly Cottage in Fernhill were removed because their "historic character () been eroded" by alterations such as exterior painting and replacement of original windows; the four-building terrace at 53–59 High Street was removed because of significant alteration, especially at ground-floor level; 45 High Street was removed because windows and its shopfront had been replaced, affecting its architectural importance; 13–15 New Street in Three Bridges were removed because a series of alterations and modernisations had "damaged the historic character of these buildings"; and Toovies Farm Cottage and Norfolk Cottage were removed because extensions and replacement windows reduced their historical significance. Since the list was released in November 2010, the former Embassy cinema in the town centre (opened on 1 August 1938) was demolished following the submission of a planning application for redevelopment of the site in August 2011. In its final incarnation as the Bar Med nightclub, it closed on 28 August 2012. Crawley borough has eight conservation areas—"areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance". The Dyers Almshouses are part of the conservation area of the same name;〔 Ifield Barn Theatre is in the Ifield conservation area;〔 and Nightingale House is within the Brighton Road conservation area. The St Peter's conservation area includes the Swan Inn〔 and St Peter's Church.〔 The High Street conservation area has several locally listed buildings: Grand Parade,〔 1–4 Ifield Road and the buildings at numbers 31–33,〔 37, 41–43〔 and 47 High Street.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Locally listed buildings in Crawley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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